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1. The process of communication
consists of four basic elements:
the
sender,
the
message,
he
receiver,
feedback
from the receiver.
The sender needs to choose appropriate language
to be well understood; he/she also needs to be confident and present the facts
in a way that is meaningful to the receivers. The message not only consists of
ideas presented by means of words, but also gestures and facial expressions.
The receiver can comprehend the ideas from the message if he has specific
abilities, attitudes and experiences relating to the topic. And, last but not
least, feedback provides the sender with reactions to the message he has sent.
2. The
stages of the listening process include:
receiving the message,
understanding it
remembering the message,
evaluating it,
responding to it.
Unfortunately, we do not always understand what is said, and may only remember
50% of the speech right after hearing it. This falls to 25% on the following
day, and we remember just 10% a week later. (jackmalcolm.com)
3. The barriers to effective
communication can be varied, but some of the obvious ones are:
Overuse of abstract forms when
communicating. Abstract forms are necessary and useful but can lead to
misunderstandings.
Confusion between the symbol and the
thing symbolized (Words are only representations of ideas!)
Lack of common experience (Do you share some
core experiences with your audience?)