Unit 7: Getting down to itMODULE: Public Speakingdata:image/svg+xml;base64,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Section outline
The elements of the speech
preparation that we have discussed so far are:
Selecting the topic
Understanding your audience
Choosing the purpose of your
speech and a particular pattern
Formulating the main idea
Gathering and organizing the material
to be used
Writing the outline and working
on the three main parts of your speech
All of the above
refer to what you are going to say.
Now it is time to think about how
you are going to say it.
It does not matter if you are
going to speak in your native tongue or in a foreign language. In order to give
an interesting public presentation, you need to use language that is clear and
appropriate to the topic, audience and occasion. Moreover, to make the speech
memorable, you should use phrases that are expressive.
While most people understand
basic sayings and stereotypes, it is better to avoid them while speaking. The
presentation becomes stilted and sounds artificial with too many of these, and
they do not usually enhance your speech at all.